1. Use Infrared (IR) as an intelligence tool

• Define the operational definition of ôintelligence.ö
• Explain how information is carried from sources to sensors.
• Recognize the importance electromagnetic (EM) wave energy to Overhead Non-Imaging Infrared (ONIR).
• Explain why collecting infrared energy provides only one part of the total intelligence picture.

2. Explain the motivation for ONIR

• Explain why our Country needs ONIR programs.
• Define the term "ONIR.ö
• Recognize the current types of ONIR missions.
• Recognize the space segment of our current and future ONIR sensor programs.
• Discuss the history of ONIR.

3. Discuss the ONIR collection process

• List the three basic questions you have to answer to accomplish a successful ONIR collection.
• Identify the different phases that ONIR data must pass through to yield collection products.
• Recognize the two different types of ONIR data collection products.

4. Explain the characteristics of ONIR sources

• List and define the four dimensions used to characterize ONIR sources.
• Explain the difference between extended and point sources.
• Recite the operational definition of transient and persistent sources.
• Give examples of several ONIR target sources in each category.

5. Discuss what can be learned from ONIR sources

• Differentiate between signature discriminates.
• Differentiate between static, moving, extended, and point targets.
• Identify causes for target shifting on the focal plane array.
• Recognize orbits and their corresponding ground track.
• Identify the effects associated with projecting the 4D world onto a 2D focal plane.
• Recognize the methods used to geolocate an event or target.
• Recognize the concept of information transmission as energy.
• Identify emission, absorption, reflection, and transmission.
• Recognize the affect of geometry on collection.
• Differentiate between passive and self-illuminating sensors.
• Identify the advantages/disadvantages of passive and self-illuminating sensors.
• Define the spectral nature of events and collection.
• Indicate what ONIR can determine.
• Recognize the ways we can know a target.

6. Discuss what is used to collect IR energy

• Identify the components of a sensor system.
• Recognize the basic issues associated with satellite-based sensors.
• Recognize the ôOrbital Elementsö and what they mean.
• Define the ôconversationalö orbit description terms.
• Define the types of orbits.
• Recognize orbit maintenance and attitude control techniques.
• Identify issues with launch which can impact the satellite.
• Describe key subsystems and their potential impact on the sensor.

7. Explain sensor optics

• Explain the purpose of sensor optics.
• Identify the types of images.
• Describe a remote sensor.
• Identify the Field of View (FOV) and Instantaneous FOV.
• Recall the effect of optics size on sensor capability.
• Describe resolution and spatial sampling.
• Define the point spread function.
• Recognize the types of optical elements.

8. Discuss how sensor detectors are used including

• Identify the types of IR detectors.
• Recognize detector materials and their advantages and disadvantages.
• Describe the photoelectric effect.
• Identify detector formats and architectures.
• Recognize the purpose of read-out electronics and how they are implemented.
• Identify quantum efficiency, temporal response, and aggregation.
• Calculate sensor data rates.
• Recognize issues associated with real focal plane.
• Recognize pre- and post-launch calibration requirements and methods.

9. Discuss Field of Regard and Footprint

• Define Field of Regard.
• Identify methods for pointing sensors and limits on those methods.
• Recognize what system variables affect determining the FOV.
• Recognize how the projection of a pixel on the ground is determined.
• Recognize how systemic pointing errors are corrected.
• Define ground sample distance (GSD).
• Identify the spatial coverage strategies.

10. Collect ONIR data

• List the four different ways that ONIR sensors sample collected energy and the types of artifacts that can enter ONIR data because of them.
• Describe three common artifacts that ONIR sensors add to their data streams that are not part of the collected energy.
• Give examples of methods used to mitigate the effects of sensor artifacts.

11. Process ONIR data

• Identify AC and DC coupling and the general appearance of data from sensors using these schemes.
• Explain the elements of principal components (PC) background suppression.
• Recognize the basic technique for enhancing dim targets in noisy backgrounds.

12. Exploit the isolated target

• Identify what information is required for target geolocation.
• Recognize the procedure for accurate geolocation.
• Describe the definition of ôspatial resolution.ö
• Explain the purpose of radiometric calibration in extracting information from ONIR data.
• Recognize procedures for radiometric calibration.
• Explain why single ONIR sensors geolocate all events at the intersection of their line of sight with the earth.
• Identify the three elements required for apparent geolocation.
• Recognize the coordinate systems used for geolocation.
• Recognize the methods to derive a target's third spatial dimension and compute its trajectory.

13. Discuss and use target spectral characteristics

• Identify the source of IR EM waves.
• Define continuum and selective radiation.
• Calculate the wavelength at which a thermal source emits the most EM waves.

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